Campylobacter Jejuni Contents 1 Campylobacter Jejuni 1.1 References Campylobacter Jejuni Campylobacter jejuni is one of a family of bacteria known as Campylobacteriaceae that collectively are responsible for a significant number of reported cases of gastroenteritis in the UK. Gastrointestinal infection with Campylobacter spp. can produce significant long term sequelae, such as reactive arthritis and the …
The Human Gut Microbiome The human gut microbiome refers to the microbes found in the human digestive tract and their genomes. It is estimated that the number of microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract exceeds 1014 (Bull & Plummer, 2014, pp. 17). The human gut microbiota is dominated by bacteria (Clemente et al, 2012, pp. 1259). …
Nutritional Sources and Salinity Contents 1 Abstract 2 Introduction 3 The null hypothesis for the oxygen requirement 4 Materials and Methods 5 Results 6 Discussion 6.1 Works Cited Abstract In the laboratory, Serratia marcescens was utilized to test Growth and Prodigiosin production under various environmental factors. The environmental conditions were temperature, pH, oxygen availability, nutritional …
Professionalism and the Foundations of Dental Practice Professionalism is one of the most important fundamental aspects for a healthcare practitioner. It embodies the very essence of how a private practice should be operated properly. This is because it encompasses not one particular aspect of a practice, but all aspects. Without it, not only would the …
Professionalism and the Foundations of Dental Practice Read More »
Effect of Genetic Engineering Genetic engineering is the development and application of scientific methods, procedures, and technologies that permit direct manipulation of genetic material in order to alter the heredity traits of a cell, organism, or population (dictionary.com). Genetic engineering plays a major role in the fields of agriculture and medicine by increasing the efficiency …
Bacteria Biology Report Aim: To find the effects that disinfectants have on the kill zone at various concentrations on peppercorn bacteria in an incubated environment. Hypothesis: I believe that as we increase the concentrations of disinfectants the kill zone will increase in diameter. This is because I believe that a higher concentration of disinfectant will …
Anyone affected with Athlete’s Foot can have two doctor best friends and this is your dermatologist and the podiatrist. A dermatologist is a skin specialist so if there is anything wrong with our skin we rush to them. Usually dermatologists are just associated with face skin problems like acne problems but dermatologists actually care for …
Wastewater must be treated to remove turbidity, colour and bacteria. The colloidal particles are very small to remove by sedimentation or filtration processes. Colloidal particles exhibit the Tyndall effect when light passes through solution containing colloidal particles and the light is reflected by the particles. The degree to which colloidal suspension reflects light at 90° …
In 2017, the World Health Organization compiled a list of “priority pathogens”, this list included 12 antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Acinetobacter baumannii made the slot for “priority one pathogen for antibiotic research and development. ” A. baumannii infects patients in critical care units, demonstrates multi-drug-resistance and can survive “desiccation, nutrient starvation, and high concentrations of antimicrobials. ” …
There is need have little knowledge about global ecological characteristics of candida species. Association between candida species and human population have repeatedly confirm that the most prevalent commensals and etiological species is candida albicans and has been proved by various studies. Although relatively little is known about the yeast flora and etiology of yeast infection …
Phospholipase activity of Candida albican isolated from clinical samples. Read More »
Introduction Ruminants diet is rich in fiber (consists of polymers e.g. cellulose) and low in proteins. Almost all animals as well as mammals lack the enzymes for metabolizing cellulose. Only microorganisms possess such enzymes which aid in fermenting cellulose and other polysaccharides consumed by the ruminants. The microorganisms are in a symbiotic relationship with the …
Results Isolation of sponge-associated bacteria from 3 different sponges resulted 80 bacterial isolates which are morphologically different. Nine bacterial isolates were obtained from sponge Hyrtios sp., 20 bacteria isolated from Smenospongia sp., and 51 bacteria isolated from Verungola sp. Sponge-associated bacteria with anti-Vibrio spp properties Twelve (15%) out of 80 bacterial isolates were able to …
In one or the other way life on earth depends on pigments like how plants prepare their own food with chlorophyll and oxygen carried in the body with hemoglobin (Britton, 1995). Pigments as coloring agents was used from prehistoric times, it was proven when pigments and grinding equipments were found in a cave at Twin …
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria that share some properties with algae and are found naturally in lakes, streams, ponds, and other surface waters. Cyanobacteria can rapidly multiply in surface water and cause “blooms.” Several types of cyanobacteria, for example Anabaena sp have gas-filled cavities that allow them to float to the surface or to different levels …
What is Tetanus? Tetanus is a serious bacterial infection that affects the nervous system and causes muscles throughout the body to tighten. It’s also called lockjaw because the infection often causes muscle contractions in the jaw and neck. However, it can eventually spread to other parts of the body. Tetanus infection can be life threatening …
There are some bacteria in the environment that are so pervasive and detrimental as the disease process caused by them made it looks like we are getting eaten by an unseen entity typically known as the flesh-eating microbial agents. Among all of the sexually transmitted diseases, donovanosis can be considered as one of the flesh-eating …
What Is Donovanosis, A So-Called ‘Flesh Eating’ Sexually Transmitted Infection? Read More »
Extremophiles are organisms that live in conditions which humans consider “extreme.” “Extreme” environments include but are not limited to extreme pressure, extreme cold, intense heat, highly acidic environments, and highly saline environments. These conditions were once believed to not have the ability to sustain life. There are three domains of life: Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea. …
By definition, athlete’s foot refers to the common fungus infection that can be found between a person’s toes. Characterized by itchy, sore, cracked, and peeling skin, athlete’s foot is said to be one of the most common skin diseases experience by people across the globe. Aside from itchy and peeling skin on the feet, serious …
Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterial mycobacterial microarrophylic that the pathogenic bacteria reside selectively in the epithelium of the stomach. This bacterium is responsible for diseases such as gastric cancer, lymphoma, gastritis and gastrointestinal ulcers. H.Pylori colonization produces chronic superficial gastritis and basically all people with H. pylori colonized have gastric inflammation, but less than …
In this review, we mainly focus on persistence colonization of Helicobacter pylori in the human gut. In recent times we have come across some novel strategies used by this bacterium can be a cause of prolonged existence in human or evolution with another bacterium to optimize its existence. The equilibrium between the bacterium and human …
Key host pathogen interaction in helicobacter pylori Read More »
Introduction Recent studies have allowed us to come to the conclusion that we are super organisms in which microbial symbionts play essential physiological functions. The human microbiome has emerged as the crucial moderator in interactions between food and our body and can change our mind and health status or play a pivotal role in a …
The Role Of Gut Microbiota In The Health Of The Host Read More »
Introduction Bacteria is all around us despite that we are oblivious to its existence. It is common knowledge that bacteria exists, but it is easy for people to dismiss this fact as we cannot actually see the build-up of growth in surrounding areas. The colonies of bacteria that propagate vary depending on the location, and …
Biofilms are structured communities of bacteria that play a role in antibiotic resistant infections on catheters, which are tubes inserted through a narrow opening into a body cavity or for removing fluids, and other medical prosthetic devices. Bacteria can exist in the body as a single cell or as biofilms. Despite attempts at reducing infections …
This is a gram negative mutated pathogen from the salmonella spp. Thw discovery of this pathogen was first made in North America and Europe. This pathogen carries antimicrobial resistance genes within its chromosomes which are resistant to antibiotics which were used on hosts infected by this pathogen such as ampicilin and chloramphenol. The original salmonella …
New research is spurring exciting developments showing the presence of trillions of bacteria that survive inside our body and how those bacteria affects our genes. Science is driving us all nuts with such mind blowing yet fascinating information regarding new developments. We have always known bacteria as pathogens – the bad guys. Scientists are digging …
Acidithiobacillus strains SP5/1 and HV2/2 are rod-shaped, Gram-negative, γ-proteobacterium, aerobically pyrite-oxidizing and Acidophilic bacteria that thrives optimally at 30°C and 45°C respectively (Klingl, Moissl-Eichinger et al. 2011). S-layer molecular structure similarity in symmetry in the closely related species can be used as a taxonomic characteristic that distinguishes phylogenetic position of the organism (Baumeister and Lembcke …
Identification And Localization Of The S-Layer Proteins Of Two Acidithiobacillus Read More »
Introduction Phagocytes play a pivotal role in innate immunity and are the initial cells involved in an immune response. They are a family of cells including, monocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils and macrophages. Phagocytes are able to recognise Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS) associated with ‘non-self’ cells using Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRR’s) on their cell surface. …
I read the article “A stealthy superbug appears to be spreading in us hospitals, study finds.” And for the article on an additional case study, I read “With latest Zika research, our picture of the virus gets cloudier.” Just as mysterious as other viruses, scientists haven’t fully understood the picture yet, let alone find the …
For people who suffer from a skin condition such as athlete’s foot, there is nothing more frustrating than to see the ugly remnants of the infection on the skin not to mention the itchiness and foul odor it brings. Characterized by itching and burning sensation in the feet, athlete’s foot can also result to skin …
Bacterial biofilms now represent the dominant bacterial growth lifestyle in different habitats including natural and clinical environments. Bacterial cells switch between the free-living planktonic mode and the biofilm growth mode, through multiple mechanisms that include adhesion to a substratum, increasing their aggregation into microcolonies and mature biofilms via matrix formation through secretion of extracellular polymeric …
Yeast is one of the most important studies in the fermentation field. Yeast is eukaryotic fungi with different properties. It’s used in making many products such as milk, yogurt, bread and more. Yeast has most of the contents such as Golgi apparatus, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole and more such of the mature eukaryotic cell. …
Overview Of Yeast: Types, Morphology, And Applications Read More »
What are archaeans? Archaea were discovered in the early 1970s. Similar to bacteria they are single-celled prokaryotes. Archaeans DNA structure places it in a separate kingdom. There is still much about archaeans that are not known. What we do know is that most of them can survive in highly extreme environments and are known as …
“Tinea pedis” or popularly known as athlete’s foot is a common a fungal infection of the skin of the foot—normally found between the toes—caused by parasitic fungi called “trichophyton”. This skin condition is considered common to people ages 15 and above. Although some symptoms may occur to children 12 years and below, experts say that …
Did you know, bacteria are a living and thriving species? “There are over ten million different types of bacteria! They can live within soil, in the ocean, or inside the human gut”. I am very interested in seeing what type of cleanser best kills these bacteria. Hands are most in contact with the germs and …
Bacteria are microscopic single celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments. They can live within soil, in the ocean and inside the human gut. The three basic bacterial shapes are spherical, bacillus and spiral. (Aryal.S,2015) Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection that spreads through inhaling tiny droplets from the coughs or sneezes of an infected …
Early observations by application of specific strains revealed that virulent pneumococci were surrounded by a structure now recognized as the capsule. The capsule played a central role in the discovery of the ‘transforming principle’ since it was using this genetic trait and this microorganism where DNA and genetic information were first linked. (R. Lopez et …
Antibiotic resistance crisis is happening now and it seems like there is no solution to it yet. Everyone knows that the antibiotic resistance is elevating to dangerously high levels in all parts of the world. The antibiotics that were used to save millions of lives are no longer effective towards the swift emergence of resistant …
Recent studies have demonstrated phage therapy successfully treated infections caused by resistant bacteria species. Phages were effective for the elimination of food poisoning pathogenic bacteria such as Campylobacter jejuni ,Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. In 2006, FDA approved the use of combination of six phages to be sprayed on ready-to-eat meat and poultry to eradicate …
Everything humans touch is brimming with billions of microbes. People eat at their desks, they put their bags on dining room tables, and they turn doorknobs that hundreds of other hands have touched. These things are done without a second thought, despite the fact that 80% of infections are spread via human hands. (1) The …
The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is a major cellular component responsible for maintaining the structural stability, providing a barrier to osmotic pressures, facilitating interactions with the surrounding environment and essential for its survival. These interactions in Gram-positive bacteria are facilitated by a vast array of macromolecular structures which include teichoic acid, lipoteichoic acids, exopolysaccharides, …
Sortase-Mediated Transpeptidation in Gram-positive bacteria Read More »
The Paramecium tetraurelia is an unicellular ciliate that can be found in almost any sample of still water. Paramecium tetraurelia is a widely distributed, free-living unicellular organism that feeds on bacteria and can easily be cultured in the laboratory(Beisson,et al.,1970). Its large size and complex cellular organization facilitate morphogenetic studies of conserved structures, such as …
Processed foods are foods that have been transformed or altered from their original form chemically or physically. From this simple definition we get to know that most of the foods we consume are processed. Not all processed foods are bad. In fact food processing make some food safe for consumption as in the case of …
“ Bad breath is caused by odor-producing bacteria that grow in the mouth. When you don’t brush and floss regularly, bacteria accumulate on the bits of food left in your mouth and between your teeth. The sulfur compounds released by these bacteria make your breath smell. Bad breath, or halitosis, can be a major problem, …
Poverty is one of the world’s recurring and concerning issues which has affected countries, especially third-world countries, and this includes Philippines. During the first half of 2014, 25.8% of the Philippine population suffers from poverty, which decreased to 21.6% in 2015, and was then increased to 26.3% in the succeeding year. This means that every …
Cucumber Tree (Averrhoa bilimbi) Fruit as an Antibacterial Disinfectant Read More »
Athlete’s foot can be one of the most annoying foot problems that you may encounter. Not only will you develop blisters on your feet, you may also be itching every minute of your sports game or work time. Athlete’s foot is a fungal infection caused by the fungus tinea pedis, which often grows in areas …
“ In 1978, genetically engineered human insulin was produced by utilizing a new technology that would hopefully produce unlimited amount of human insulin by controlling the power of tiny microorganisms. People had used bacteria to enhance their lives from a long time ago. For instance, people used bacteria to change milk into cheese, and yeast …
Antibiotics need aid also known as as antibacterials, What’s more are a sort of antimicrobial drug utilized within the medication and counteractive action about bacterial What’s more contagious contamination. They might whichever murder or restrain those development from claiming microscopic organisms. Now and again those haul antibiotics will be used to allude any substance utilized …
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Extract Piper Betel Leaf Read More »
Salmonella spp The immune system is constructed to defeat any bacteria that can be a threat to body. However, salmonella knows when it enters the body of the host and it can change its behaviour to deal with our immune system and to cause infection and spread around the body to cause diseases. The immune …
Reaction Of Immune System On Parasites And Bacteria Read More »
Introduction Plant viruses are viruses that effect on plants. Plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. Plant viruses are pathogenic to higher plants. Viruses also cause many important plant diseases and are responsible for huge losses in crop production and quality in all parts of the world. Infected plants may show a range of symptoms depending …
Soda lakes are predominantly found in the arid, semi-arid and desert regions around the world, such as the African Rift valley lakes, the rain-shadowed regions of California and Nevada (USA), the Kulunda Steppe in South Siberia (Russia), Transbaikal lakes (Russia), Great Salt Lake (USA), Sambhar Salt Lake (India), soda lakes in Mongolia (China), athalassohaline lakes …
