Phossy jaw is a type of necrosis that historically belongs to occupational diseases. This health condition was first observed in 1839. At that time, scientists described lesions of the tissues and jawbone as well as complete necrosis of the jaws of workers in the match manufacturing industry. It was found that white and yellow phosphorus …
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Introduction Various blood disorders can affect human bodies adversely, preventing them from normal functioning. Anemia is one of the most common types of this health issue, as it can be faced by people of all ages, genders, and races (NIH, 2012). Different types of anemia are discussed separately because they have different causes and pathophysiological …
Pathophysiology: Iron Deficiency and Pernicious Anemia Research Paper Read More »
Introduction Pathophysiology is the study of the abnormal processes in human physiology that are caused or connected with injury or disease. A course in pathophysiology is an integral part of nursing education. It helps understand abnormal processes that occur in the human organism and apply an appropriate treatment plan for a particular disease (Huether & …
Physiology Concepts and Factors that Influence Disease Essay Read More »
Introduction The force that the heart exerts on the body’s arteries when pumping blood determines an individual’s systolic blood pressure. On the other hand, diastolic pressure is recorded when the heart relaxes. In a case where the general practitioner records the figures such as 115/85, the upper number indicates an individual’s systolic pressure while the …
The opposite sex genitalia (Female) is more sensitive and delicate when compared to the male ones. However, men tend to feel greatly attracted to having sexual relations than women. This is probably what makes many men pay female prostitutes for their services and at times end up spending a lot of money. It also explains …
Introduction It is worth noting that the articular and muscular systems are the two most important parts of the human body due to the fact that they perform the functions of the musculoskeletal system. This system provides the volume of motion of the skeleton relative to the fulcrum. The purpose of this paper is to …
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Abstract The essay discusses some of the factors that can help blind people see. In as much as sight is impaired in the stated group of individuals, it is not uncommon to find them visualizing objects and other things they interact with on a daily basis. The visualization process is frequently enhanced by other factors, …
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Nutrients and the Supply of Energy Exercise is a major component of a healthy lifestyle. In order to combat the negative impact of obesity and diabetes, it is best to include an exercise regimen in any health program. However, if the type of exercise required is similar to those of athletes, the strategy requires something …
Summary In the article “Cellular Metabolism and Disease: What Do Metabolic Outliers Teach Us?,” DeBerardinis and Thompson (2012), provide a comprehensive overview of the role of three different types of metabolism (catabolism, anabolism, and waste disposal) in biological and physiological pathways in the human body, their relationships with cellular processes, and contribution to the development …
“Cellular Metabolism and Disease” by DeBerardinis et al. Essay Read More »
Introduction Movement is vital for all of you because it provides you with the opportunity to live your lives to the full. Just as other human beings, you fall and stand up to continue moving forward. But what provides you with this opportunity? It is your skeletal system. It does not only facilitate your physical …
Ion Channels Like many other physiological processes, phototransduction starts from the functioning of ion channels. They support the exchange of the cells with the environment, substances, energy, information, etc. and define the perception of external signals by the cell, i.e., the processes of excitation and inhibition in the neural system. In the dark, Na+ channels …
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Abstract Sport-related concussion is a serious neurodegenerative condition with a complex pathophysiology, which is not well understood. Rising cases of concussion have resulted in attempts to manage the condition after the injury. Neuropsychological testing has been widely applied to assist injured athletes during cognitive disorder assessment and recovery management. While the tests are now popular, …
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A physician, also known as a medical doctor or just doctor, is a health care specialist who practices medicine, promotes health improvement, makes diagnoses, and cures diseases; physicians may be differentiated to primary care doctors (or general practitioners), dentists, surgeons, and specialists of various departments (“The Differences Between a Nurse and a Doctor” par. 2). …
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Introduction Sleep denotes a naturally happening situation of the body and mind typified by changed perception, moderately hampered sensory action, inhibition of almost every voluntary muscle, as well as decreased interrelations with the environment. 1 It differs from wakefulness through a reduced capacity to respond to stimuli, although it is simply overturned than the situation …
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The purpose of the paper is to describe the impact of adverse conditions on human physical performance and to apply the findings to the military environment with the focus on the effectiveness of training resistance to the chosen adverse condition. The subject under investigation is sleep deprivation because very often soldiers spend days without sleep …
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The findings from recent studies show many common features in the development of cardiac and craniofacial muscles. These similarities are the result of the link between the genetic program of cardiac muscles and the genetic program of craniofacial muscles (Kelly 2010; Tzahor 2009). In this context, the researchers focus on the development of the tongue …
Lipid catabolism, or lipolysis, is the process of breaking down the molecules of lipids into simpler ones, with release of energy. Under the influence of lipases (a type of enzymes), lipids break down into glycerol and free fatty acids (“Lipid and Protein Catabolism” n. pag.). These free fatty acids then become available for cellular uptake; …
The contractions of muscles that allow us to move would not appear without the work done by motor units. Sir Charles Sherrington made a great contribution to the study of a human body when he stated that people could move due to the action that occurs between a motor (efferent) neuron and muscle fibers and …
Introduction The study to be summarized and critiqued was undertaken in 2011 by Dejong and colleagues, and is titled “Physical Therapy Activities in Stroke, Knee Arthroplasty, and Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Their Variation, Similarities, and Association with Functional Outcomes.” Summary The prospective observational cohort study employed a sample of 433 stoke inpatients, 429 total knee …
Introduction Anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) is an astrocytic glioma which is characterized by high infiltration and shows increased cellularity. Other characteristic features of the WHO grade III glioma is pronounced mitotic activity as well as cytologic atypia. The composition of anaplastic astrocytoma among all astrocytic gliomas is roughly 10-25 percent and peak years for the condition …
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Introduction Kinesiology, as the science of human movement, incorporates all-inclusive health subjects, which uses the moderate art of muscle monitoring (biofeedback) to access information about a person’s wellbeing. Definitely, it ascertains the features that impede the body’s normal internal energies and access the life of improving prospective within a person (Getchell and Mikesky 56). Moreover, …
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The Obedience Experiment The confidante, called Derren Brown, performs the Milgram experiment to review the level of obedience towards authority. Interestingly, the participants are businessmen and women who have no track record of criminal activities. The authoritative figure has a direct influence on the behavior of the participants. The participants displayed machine-like behavior by blindly …
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Introduction Since the early XX century, the topic of gender and profession has been an urgent problem for discussions by the public. The profession of a physical therapist is one of the most socially essential occupations all over the world, and women play an important role in its development. The aim of this essay is …
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Introduction The health care industry has evolved significantly over the years with better ways for providing care being developed. One of the areas that have experienced innovation is in medical records. Medical records are important tools for physicians since they provide the means for recording patient condition and serve as the basis for medical interventions. …
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Teratogens are any type of agents in the body that interrupt or halt the normal embryonic and fetus development. Generally, these are agents that cause mostly non- reversible malformations, which destroy children’s lives. Sensitive Period Sensitive periods are times of a child’s development that are of great significance. During these periods, children or fetuses are …
Introduction Hypoxia is defined as a deficiency of oxygen in the body tissues or simply oxygen starvation. Hypoxia can occur due to a variety of reasons. Normally this condition is preceded by low levels of oxygen in the blood system-a condition normally known as hypocalcaemia. Nonetheless, it is important to note that hypoxia can occur …
Abstract Respiratory system regulates the volume of gases inhaled and exhaled by a person. This experiment examined the lung volume and capacities and the differences in vital capacities between genders. Furthermore, it investigated several factors that control the respiratory rate and volume, such as pH, O2, and CO2 level. The lung volume helps in studying …
Abstract Color vision is one of the characteristics that are recognized as having an effect on careers and human interaction. This research establishes the effects of high altitude on color vision. It also investigates the color systems that are affected more in relation to others. The research methodology mainly involves the analysis of materials on …
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Cushion cork This material is majorly a composite of cork and rubber molded together to form a stiff non-thermoformable substance (Benedetti et al. 169). It is specifically very effective in making of heel lifts used to support heels in patients suffering from ankle sprains. It cushions the heel to relieve upward thrush on an injured …
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Microglandular hyperplasia refers to polypoid cell growth in the adenocarcinoma of the cervix. Measuring about 1 to 2 cm, the glandular lesions normally occur in pregnant or postpartum women on oral contraceptive therapy, clinically referred to us Depomedroxyprogesterone acetate. These lesions mostly occur in women of productive age and a few cases in postmenopausal women. …
Muscular dystrophy refers to a category of genetic diseases where the voluntary and skeletal muscles responsible for regulating muscles weaken and degenerate progressively (Emery, 1987, p.47). The disease is hereditary in nature. It may occur in childhood, later in life or during the middle years of one’s life. The most common type of muscular dystrophy …
The Mental, and Physical Effects Muscular Dystrophy Has On Students Research Paper Read More »
Introduction Falvo (2005) writes on the medical and psychosocial aspect of chronic disease including fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is defined as a rheumatologic disease in which the patient experience widespread pain, coupled with aching and stiffness of muscles and/or joints, plus fatigue, sleep disturbances, and broadly distributed sites of tenderness (tender joints) (Millea & Hollaway, 2000, cited …
The ear provides a sense of balance as well as transmitting sound waves to the brain. The pebbles (otoliths) by lying on the bed of hairs (cilia) gives a sense of the direction in which gravitational pull is acting. The outer part of the year focuses the sound onto the eardrum. The eardrum is very …
Introduction Stress is a feeling created when we respond to some events. It is the body’s natural way of preparing to face a difficult situation with alertness, stamina, power, and focus. The stress provokers are called stressors, which cover a variety of situations. In addition, stress is caused by negative thoughts that have an effect …
Open-loop controlled 1. The main difference between the ideas of open-loop controlled movements and closed-loop controlled movements is in the consideration of the further steps. According to the theory of the open-loop controlled movements, the first movement is done consciously while all other ones are completed automatically, as the reaction to the first movement. These …
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Introduction Stress forms an integral part of our daily life despite negative notions people have developed against it. According to Wein (2000), stress ensures that the body functions optimally particularly when responding to adverse situations. He further explains that the flight or fight response guarantees individual’s safety since the body is able to react swiftly …
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Introduction In recent years, the concept of whole body maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), which basically reflects the integrative capability of the lungs, heart and circulatory system to distribute oxygen (O2) to the tissues and eventually mitochondrial O2 utilization (Layec & Richardson 2012), has interested scholars and exercise physiologists for varied yet interrelated reasons (Moxnes & …
Introduction When people lack real facts concerning some issues, they develop mythical theories which aim at accounting for them. These speculations are based on religion, culture, and misconceived understanding which aim at closing the gap that exists when those issues are not explained. Often, the speculations and mythical theories are not challenged by laymen. Instead, …
Introduction Knuckle cracking (or snapping of joints) is a type of joint osteopathy that generates a cracking noise. Most people possess the ability to pop a number of joints such as jaws or elbows. Going by my experiences with a colleague who works as a lab technician, the sound of cracking knuckles is annoying especially …
Atrophy of the muscles is a condition that occurs when the muscles have been in an inactive condition for a long period of time. The cast on the leg is the major cause of muscle atrophy. It reduces muscle activity and causes loss of the tissues. The major effect of the cast as indicated in …
The main scope of my motor observation report was to monitor the process of teaching children the basic motor skills that were necessary for playing basketball. The method that teacher employed were premised on drilling and practicing simple skills to develop them into more sophisticated. At the very beginning of the lesson, the coach told …
Introduction It is a well known fact that respiratory rates increase during moments of physical activity yet it must be noted that the subsequent increase in the amount of heartbeats per second differs from person to person (Drury, 2011). As explained by Santtila, Keijo, Laura & Heikki (2008), the average adult heart beats at roughly …
Teratology is the study of physiological defects in organisms. The defects could be due to several factors like the environmental factors. These factors work together to impair the normal development of an embryo. The level of vulnerability to these defects depends on several factors like the stage of development of an embryo at the time …
According to Fredrick Hatfield, the abdominal wall is made up of four muscles. These include internal oblique muscles, external oblique muscles, transverse abdominis and rectus abdominis (Hatfield, 2010). However, other muscles exist for example the spinal erectae and muscles in the pelvic girdle. Each of these muscles has a specific function and uses specific forms …
Training Muscles of the Abdominal Wall to Optimize their Function Essay Read More »
Introduction Physical exercise can be defined as any body activity that maintains body fitness and the entire body health status. It must be done for a number of reasons such as improving muscle strength and joint structures, improving energy levels and reducing the risk of heart diseases. It also helps in naturally lowering or controlling …
Introduction All living creatures usually experience certain rhythmic changes which in most cases coincide with the changes in the environment on daily or seasonal basis. Such rhythmic changes are referred to as biological rhythms and entail the circadian, infradian and the ultradian rhythms (Rodrigo et al, 2007, p. 234). Circadian rhythms are best described as …
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Introduction There are several ways of achieving body fitness. Exercising is one of them. This essay analyzes various components of advanced patterns exhibited by players and reviews five internet resource guides on health and fitness. Components of advanced patterns exhibited by players The pictures above show basket ball players. The components of advanced patterns are …
Reproduction of human beings is very important because it ensures that humans do not become extinct. This is because every day some people die and thus we have to multiply to fill in the gap that they have left. The whole process of multiplication involves two elements, that is, Jack the sperm and Alice the …
Introduction Water is a very vital component in the human body. The human body can stay for weeks without food but can only manage a few days without water. 58-78% of human bodies are composed of water, depending on the body size. In a single day, the body requires about two to three liters of …
The human body and other living organisms have numerous natural adaptive mechanisms that keep them at the state of functioning properly. Sweating is one of these very crucial processes. Sweating can be defined as a natural thermoregulation process that helps in maintaining a balanced body temperature (Franklin, 2005). This research paper seeks to investigate the …
